Viscum album is a species of mistletoe in the family Santalaceae, commonly known as European mistletoe, common mistletoe or simply as mistletoe (Old English mistle). It is native to Europe and western and southern Asia.Viscum album is a hemiparasite on several species of trees, from which it draws water and nutrients. It has a significant role in European mythology, legends, and customs. In modern times, it is commonly featured in Christmas decoration and symbology. (V. album is found only rarely in North America, as an introduced species; its cultural roles are usually fulfilled by the similar native species Phoradendron leucarpum.)
Common mistletoe is disease-resistant and is generally not prone to illness. Care-wise, this plant is fairly low-maintenance. When grown outdoors it needs only minimal watering, and larger specimens typically do not require pruning. Smaller plants, however, should be trimmed after they finish blooming. Common mistletoe is appropriate for anyone with an outdoor area, such as a garden or deck, and does not demand much care experience.
How to keep Viscum Album.
Light
Common mistletoe grows best with abundant sunlight, though it can tolerate moderate light. It originates from very sunny habitats, which contributes to its vigorous growth. Too much sun can harm it, while insufficient sunlight may inhibit its development.
Water
Common mistletoe thrives in moist environments with consistent humidity, although it has a moderate tolerance for drought. For optimal growth, it is ideal to water the plant every 2-3 weeks. When grown indoors for its decorative appeal, common mistletoe requires well-draining soil to prevent root rot caused by excess moisture.
Temperature
The common mistletoe comes from areas with mild temperatures. It prefers a temperature range of 50 to 95 °F (10 to 35 °C). Seasonal adjustments may be needed to reproduce its native habitat.
Fertilizer
Fertilize your Common mistletoe in early spring to encourage healthy growth. Regular feeding improves overall health, producing strong growth, increased tolerance to harsh conditions, and enhanced resistance to pests and diseases. Follow a consistent fertilization routine for your Common mistletoe to achieve vibrant, deeply colored foliage and a full, lush appearance.
Botanical profile.
- Plant Type
- Shrub
- Life Cycle
- Perennial
- Genus
- Viscum
- Family
- Santalaceae
- Hardiness Zone
- 6-9
- Mature Height
- 49 cm
- Mature Spread
- 91 cm
- Leaf Color
- Yellow Green, Olive Drab
- Leaf Type
- Deciduous
- Flower Color
- Yellow, Green
- Flower Size
- 0.20 cm to 0.25 cm
- Bloom Time
- Early spring, Mid spring, Winter
- Planting Time
- Spring, Summer, Autumn
- Harvest Time
- Mid summer, Late summer, Fall, Winter
- Native Area
- Nepal, Turkey, Austria, Sweden, Bulgaria, Pakistan, Poland, Greece, Morocco, Belarus, Ukraine, China, Russia, Norway, Hungary, Germany, Portugal, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Denmark, Netherlands, Myanmar, Vietnam, Albania, Iran, Algeria, Romania, United Kingdom, Belgium, France
Other names.
Reader questions.
What is the best way to water my Common mistletoe?
To promote excellent root development in your plants, consider using a garden hose at the plant base. Avoid spraying the leaves directly, especially if they are exposed to direct sunlight outdoors, as they will require more watering. For moistening the roots, you can use bubblers or soaker hoses. If you are adding or removing plants, use soaker hoses that cover the entire garden or bed to ensure deep root growth. After watering, drain any excess water and allow the soil to dry before watering again. To prevent diseases, always water at ground level instead of spraying the leaves. On sunny days, it may be beneficial to spray the entire bush with water. Whether your plants are potted or in the ground, it's important to note that Common mistletoe prefers deep watering rather than light sprinkling.
What are the sunlight requirements for Common Mistletoe?
Common Mistletoe flourishes best with a lot of sun exposure but can also tolerate moderate sun. It originates from heavily sunlit areas, which is essential for its robust growth. Nevertheless, it's important to be mindful of overexposure to sunlight, which can cause damage, while inadequate sunlight can impede its growth. The plant thrives in full sun, defined as above 6 hours of sunlight, and partial sun, about 3-6 hours of sunlight. It's recommended to observe the sunlight movement through your garden to find the optimal balance of light and shade for your plants.
What is the preferred temperature range for common mistletoe?
Common mistletoe, also known as Viscum album, thrives in moderate temperatures, preferring a range from 50 to 95 °F (10 to 35 °C). To replicate its native habitat, seasonal adjustments may be necessary.
What should I do if I give Common mistletoe too much or too little water?
Common mistletoe can show signs of overwatering through yellowing leaves, leaf drop, and wilting. The plant may also appear dull and unhealthy with mushy stems. Adjusting your watering schedule is recommended when these signs occur. Wilting can also be a sign of underwatering, which is indicated by crispy, dry leaves. In such cases, check the soil moisture and provide a thorough watering if needed. While enough water will help the mistletoe recover, its leaves may remain dry and yellow for a few days due to root damage. Once the plant returns to normal, the yellowing will stop. When growing mistletoe indoors, always check the soil moisture levels and avoid overwatering. If you notice black spots, allow the soil to dry by withholding water for a few days. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so if you see discolored and slimy roots, consider transferring the plant to a new pot. It's important to prevent root rot by avoiding overly soggy soil. When planting mistletoe outdoors, ensure that the soil isn't too dry by checking the moisture level with your fingers. Adequate watering is necessary for the plant's recovery.
What are the solutions if Common Mistletoe isn't getting enough sunlight?
If your Common Mistletoe isn't receiving adequate sunlight, you can adopt several strategies to ensure optimal growth. For indoor plants, gradually move them to a location with at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily, utilizing south-facing windows and keeping curtains open during the day. If moving the plant isn't practical, consider using artificial light sources, such as desk lamps or professional plant grow lights, and keep them on for at least 8 hours daily. For outdoor plants, you should also aim for gradual relocation to sunnier spots. It's vital to avoid sudden changes in light intensity to prevent sunburn. Furthermore, for ground plants, you might need to reduce obstructions by pruning trees that block sunlight or transplant smaller plants to sunnier locations with good drainage during their dormant period.
Does common mistletoe require special frost protection in winter?
Common mistletoe has strong cold resistance and usually does not require special frost protection measures during winter. However, if winter temperatures are expected to drop below -25°C, it's important to protect the plant by wrapping the trunk and branches with non-woven fabric or cloth. Additionally, watering the plant abundantly before the first freeze in autumn helps ensure the soil remains moist, preventing drought and water scarcity during winter and early spring.
How frequently should I water my Common mistletoe plant?
The Common mistletoe prefers deep and infrequent watering. If it's in a pot, soak it with a gallon of water each time to account for the limited water storage and faster drying soil. In colder areas, water every 3 to 5 days, preferably in the morning when the soil is dry. To determine if watering is needed, check the top 2-3 inches of soil - if dry, it's time to water. During hot days, check moisture daily to prevent the pot soil from drying out. For garden plants in hot climates, water once a week when the top 2-3 inches of soil are too dry. Avoid overwatering if there is sufficient rainfall to avoid root rot. Use mulch to conserve water outdoors, around 3 to 4 inches deep. Sandy soil requires more frequent watering, while clay soil can go 2-3 days without watering to prevent root rot. Keep track of watering dates on a calendar and look for drooping leaves as a sign that watering might be overdue.
How does artificial lighting support plant growth?
Artificial lighting plays a crucial role in supporting plant growth, especially when natural sunlight is insufficient, like during winter or in spaces that don't receive much sunlight. Such lighting solutions are vital for promoting faster, healthier growth. LED lights are a popular choice due to their ability to provide specific wavelengths required by plants. Full sun plants require 30-50W/sq ft, partial sun plants 20-30W/sq ft, and full shade plants 10-20W/sq ft of artificial light. The light source should be placed 12-36 inches above the plant to mimic natural sunlight, ensuring the plant receives 8-12 hours of light per day.
What should I do if the temperature falls below -25°C?
If the temperature falls below -25°C, common mistletoe's branches may become brittle and dry by spring, and no new shoots will emerge. In this case, it is recommended to prune away any dead branches that failed to produce new leaves in spring.
How much water should I give my Common mistletoe plant?
The Common mistletoe typically needs one gallon of water on a regular basis. When watering potted plants, make sure to water them deeply until you see water dripping from the bottom of the pot. Allow the soil to dry before watering again. You can use a water calculator or moisture meter to determine how much water you have given your plant in a week. During the flowering period, provide plenty of water, but allow the moisture to evaporate afterwards to avoid root rot. If the Common mistletoe is planted outdoors and receives adequate rainfall, it may not require additional watering. However, when it is young or newly planted, make sure it receives 1-2 inches of rainfall per week. As the Common mistletoe grows, it can survive solely on rainfall. Only when the weather is extremely hot or there has been no rainfall for 2-3 weeks, consider watering the Common mistletoe fully during the cooler parts of the day to prevent damage from heat. Additional watering will be necessary during prolonged dry periods.
What are the signs of insufficient sunlight in Common Mistletoe?
Common Mistletoe shows several symptoms when it doesn't receive enough sunlight. These include small and pale new leaves, indicative of insufficient chlorophyll and nutrients; leggy or sparse growth due to longer spaces between leaves or stems; early leaf drop as the plant conserves resources; and a halt in new growth as the plant enters survival mode. There might also be symptoms like chlorosis, where leaves turn yellow due to a breakdown of chlorophyll; sunscald, causing pale or necrotic spots; leaf curling to minimize water loss; wilting from excessive transpiration; and leaf scorching characterized by brown, dry patches. These symptoms signal that the plant needs more sunlight.
How can common mistletoe be protected during hot weather?
During summer, it is best to keep common mistletoe below 35°C. If temperatures climb above 38°C, the leaves might lighten in color, tips may dry out, and the plant becomes susceptible to sunburn. To protect the plant, trim away the sunburned and dried parts. Move the plant to a shaded location or use a shade cloth to protect it from midday and afternoon sun. Keeping the soil moist by watering in the morning and evening is also beneficial.