Pholisma arenarium is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by several common names, including desert Christmas tree, scaly-stemmed sand plant, and purple sand food. As the name implies, the loaf-like part of the root is edible. It is native to northwestern Mexico, Arizona and southern California, where it grows in many habitat types, including desert, chaparral, and sandy coastal dunes. It is a fleshy perennial herb taking a compact cylindrical or ovate shape up to 20 or 30 centimeters tall above ground, often with part of the stem below the sandy surface. It is a parasitic plant growing on the roots or of various shrubs such as burrobush, Yerba Santa, California croton, rabbitbrush, and ragweeds. As a heterotroph which derives its nutrients from other plants, it lacks chlorophyll and is brownish-gray or whitish in color. There are hairy, glandular, pointed leaves along the surface of the plant. Flowers emerge between them, each roughly one centimeter wide, the rounded corolla lavender to deep or bright purple with a white margin.
The desert Christmas tree is largely disease-resistant and usually not vulnerable to illnesses. However, it can be affected by pests and diseases present in its environment. These outbreaks are typically mild. For care, this plant needs moderate maintenance. It should be pruned regularly to keep a good appearance and support healthy growth. Fertilizing can also aid in encouraging flowering. The desert Christmas tree is appropriate for anyone with outdoor space, such as a garden or patio, and does not require extensive care experience. It may need more attention when grown indoors.
How to keep Pholisma Arenarium.
Light
The Desert christmas tree is a sun-loving, perennial herbaceous plant that originates in open habitats and often thrives in meadows and grasslands. It prefers full sun but can also tolerate partial sun conditions.
Water
The desert Christmas tree is a drought-tolerant plant well-suited for arid environments, and it thrives in low-moisture conditions. For optimal health, water it weekly. Although it is typically grown outdoors to replicate its natural habitat, it may enter a dormant state during extended dry spells.
Temperature
Desert christmas tree can tolerate a wide range of temperatures, but its distribution may still be restricted by specific combinations of moisture and heat. It performs best in warm summer climates with sufficient rainfall or watering. Long periods of cloudy, rainy weather or sustained high temperatures increase the risk of Desert christmas tree dying. In winter, adequate protection from cold can boost the plant's chances of survival.
Fertilizer
A single fertilizer application in spring is generally enough for the Desert christmas tree, although repeated feedings can boost growth. Fertilize every month to every month and a half. Feeding improves the leaves' appearance and function, helping keep color even and texture healthy. It also encourages root development and nutrient uptake, supporting the plant's long-term health.
Pruning
The desert Christmas tree flourishes in sandy soils and benefits from light pruning between early and late spring. This promotes better air circulation and encourages blooming. Use clean, sharp tools to make precise cuts, and apply cross-sectional techniques to manage the tree's size while preserving its natural growth. Be careful to avoid heavy pruning, as this can alter the tree's natural shape.
Botanical profile.
- Plant Type
- Herb
- Life Cycle
- Perennial
- Genus
- Pholisma
- Family
- Boraginaceae
- Hardiness Zone
- 9-11
- Mature Height
- 20 cm to 30 cm
- Mature Spread
- 15 cm
- Leaf Color
- Saddle Brown
- Leaf Type
- Semi-evergreen
- Flower Color
- Pink, Purple
- Flower Size
- 1.02 cm
- Bloom Time
- Mid spring, Late spring
- Planting Time
- Spring
- Harvest Time
- Early summer, Mid summer
- Native Area
- Mexico
Other names.
Reader questions.
How should I water my Desert Christmas tree for the best results?
To properly water the Desert Christmas tree, follow these guidelines for best results. It is recommended to use filtered water at room temperature, as tap water may contain harmful particles. This plant is accustomed to warm environments, so using cold water can be a shock to its system. Another important point is to avoid overhead watering, as it can lead to issues with the foliage. Instead, apply filtered room temperature water directly to the soil until it is completely soaked. This method is beneficial as it moisturizes the roots and helps them gather essential nutrients by spreading through the soil.
What are the sunlight requirements for a Desert Christmas Tree?
The Desert Christmas Tree, or Pholisma arenarium, thrives in full sun conditions, requiring above 6 hours of sunlight. It can also tolerate partial sun, which is about 3-6 hours of sunlight. It's important to observe the movement of sunlight through your garden to ensure that you select locations that provide an ideal balance of light and shade, catering to the needs of your plants and ensuring their well-being.
What should I do if I give my Desert Christmas tree too much or too little water?
Both overwatering and underwatering can harm the health of your Desert christmas tree, but overwatering is more common. When this tree gets too much water, its stems and leaves may wilt and turn yellow. Overwatering for a long time can also cause diseases like root rot, mold, and mildew, which can kill the plant. Underwatering is less likely because the Desert christmas tree can tolerate drought. However, it can still happen, and you will notice brittle, brown leaves if it does. It's important to spot signs of overwatering early. Some diseases caused by overwatering, like root rot, cannot be fixed if you wait too long. If you see early signs, reduce watering immediately and check the soil's drainage. If it drains poorly, replace it with a loose, well-draining potting mix. If you notice signs of underwatering, simply water the tree more regularly until the signs go away.
What are the essentials for growing a Desert Christmas Tree?
The Desert Christmas Tree is a sun-loving perennial herbaceous plant that flourishes in open habitats, such as meadows and grasslands. It prefers full sun but can tolerate partial sun conditions. For indoor plants that do not receive sufficient natural sunlight, especially during winter or in less sunny spaces, artificial lighting is crucial for optimal growth. LED lights are recommended because they can provide the specific wavelengths of light that your plants need. Full sun plants require 30-50W/sq ft of artificial light, partial sun plants need 20-30W/sq ft, and full shade plants need 10-20W/sq ft. The artificial light source should be placed 12-36 inches above the plant, and the duration of light exposure should mimic natural daylight hours, typically 8-12 hours per day.
How frequently should I give water to my Desert christmas tree?
If your Desert Christmas tree is in a pot, the best way to check if it needs water is by sticking your finger into the soil. If the top two to three inches are dry, it's time to water it. If you have the tree planted outdoors, you can use the same method of checking the soil. If the top few inches are dry, it's time to water. Generally, you'll need to water this plant about once a week during spring and early fall. In extremely hot weather, you might need to water it twice a week or more. However, mature and well-established Desert Christmas trees can tolerate drought well.
What are the symptoms of improper lighting for a Desert Christmas Tree?
Desert Christmas Trees show several symptoms when they do not receive adequate lighting. These include smaller new leaves, leggy or sparse growth, faster leaf drop, slower or no new growth, lighter-colored new leaves, chlorosis where leaves lose their green color, sunscald with damaged leaves or stems from intense sunlight, leaf curling as a defense mechanism against excessive sunlight, wilting due to increased water loss, and leaf scorching characterized by brown, dry edges on leaves. These symptoms highlight the importance of providing sufficient sunlight for healthy plant growth.
How much water should I give my Desert christmas tree?
When watering your Desert Christmas tree, don't be afraid of giving it a generous amount of water. Make sure the first two to three inches of soil are dry before watering. It's best to thoroughly soak the soil, allowing excess water to drain out from the bottom of the pot. If you don't see any excess water draining, you may not have given enough water. However, be careful not to let water accumulate in the soil, as this can harm the plant. On the other hand, if water doesn't drain properly, it could be due to poorly draining soil, which is not good for the tree's health. If the tree is outside, receiving about 1 inch of rain per week should be enough.
How can you address insufficient or excessive sunlight exposure for Desert Christmas Trees?
To address insufficient sunlight for indoor Desert Christmas Trees, gradually move the plants to a sunnier location each week until they receive at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. Using south-facing windows and keeping curtains open during the day maximizes sunlight exposure. If natural light is not sufficient, consider using artificial light sources for at least 8 hours daily. For outdoor plants, it's crucial to move them gradually to sunnier locations to avoid sunburn. Pruning trees that block sunlight or transplanting to sunnier spots may be necessary. Note, however, that parts of the plant affected by insufficient sunlight might not recover, but new growth should be healthy once light conditions improve.
How do I give my Desert Christmas tree water as it grows?
The water needs of the Desert Christmas tree vary depending on its growth stages. When the tree is young or recently transplanted, it requires more water than usual. These stages are crucial for the tree to establish new roots, which will support its future growth. During this time, the roots need extra moisture to perform optimally. As the tree matures, it will require less water. Additionally, during the bloom period, the tree may need more water to support flower development.
How should I water my desert Christmas tree throughout the year?
The water needs of the Desert Christmas tree vary throughout the year. In the hottest months, during the peak of summer, you may need to water the plant more than once a week, depending on how quickly the soil dries out. However, in winter, when the plant enters a dormant phase, it requires much less water. In fact, you may not need to water it at all during winter. If you choose to water it during this time, be cautious not to overwater, as this could increase the risk of the tree getting a disease. It is recommended to water no more than once a month in winter.
What happens if I water my Desert christmas tree inside versus outside?
Growing the Desert Christmas tree indoors is most common for gardeners in non-temperate and non-tropical regions. When growing indoors, it's important to note that soil in a container may dry out faster than ground soil. Also, factors like air conditioning units can increase the frequency of watering needed compared to if the tree was planted outside. If planted outside, you may not need to water the Desert Christmas tree very often, especially if you receive regular rainfall. However, if you choose to grow it indoors, watering will be necessary since rainwater cannot penetrate the soil.