Gliricidia sepium
SPECIMEN · FROM THE LIBRARY
Gliricidia sepium

Gliricidia Sepium

ON THIS PLANT

Gliricidia sepium, often simply referred to as its genus name Gliricidia, is a medium size leguminous tree belonging to the family Fabaceae. Common names include quickstick, mata ratón; cacao de nance, cachanance; balo in Panama; piñon Cubano in the Dominican Republic; madreado in Honduras; kakawate in the Philippines; madre xacao, madre cacao, or madre de cacao in the Philippines and Guatemala; madero negro in Nicaragua; undirmari in Marathi and wetahiriya in Sinhala). It is an important multi-purpose legume tree, with a native range from Mexico to Colombia, but now widely introduced to other tropical zones.

A note from PlantMom

Grow stick demonstrates strong disease resistance and is typically not liable to illness. Regarding care, the plant is fairly low-maintenance. Planted outdoors, it requires only minimal watering, and larger plants usually do not need pruning. Smaller plants, however, should be pruned after they finish blooming. Grow stickt is appropriate for anyone with outdoor space, such as a garden or a deck, and does not call for extensive care experience.

— PlantMom
CARE GUIDE

How to keep Gliricidia Sepium.

Light

Grow stick performs best when it gets most of the day's sunlight, which encourages healthier, more vigorous growth. It originates from environments with abundant sun exposure. If it is deprived of sufficient light, its growth can be stunted, while too much exposure can cause sunburn.

Water

The grow stick thrives in tropical-like conditions, which require consistent moisture and high humidity. It should be watered every two weeks, although it can tolerate brief periods of dryness. Typically, the grow stick is cultivated outdoors to ensure it receives sufficient sunlight and rainwater. Unlike some plants with seasonal variations in water requirements, the grow stick's water needs remain consistent throughout the year.

Temperature

Grow stick originates from areas with mild to warm climates, indicating a temperature preference of about 68 to 100°F (20 to 38℃). In colder seasons, proactive adjustments will be necessary to preserve near-optimal conditions.

Fertilizer

The best time to fertilize a Grow stick is in early spring, when it comes out of dormancy. This encourages overall growth and the development of flowers. Fertilization improves the foliage, stems, and branches and supports flowers that are large, vibrant, and long-lasting. It also helps move nutrients from the roots to the flowers and enhances the plant's health and disease resistance.

Pruning

The Grow Stick is a fast-growing tree known for its bright pink flowers. To encourage its growth, as well as to improve air circulation and sunlight exposure, it is best to prune during early spring. Focus on cutting back weak branches just above a node. Additionally, make sure to adjust your pruning techniques based on your local climate to achieve the best flowering and overall appearance.

CHARACTERISTICS

Botanical profile.

Plant Type
Tree
Life Cycle
Perennial
Genus
Gliricidia
Family
Fabaceae
Hardiness Zone
10-11
Mature Height
9.75 m to 12.19 m
Mature Spread
7.92 m
Leaf Color
Green
Leaf Type
Deciduous
Flower Color
Pink, Purple
Flower Size
2.03 cm to 15.24 cm
Bloom Time
Spring, Summer
Planting Time
Spring
Harvest Time
Late spring, Summer, Early fall, Mid fall
Native Area
Colombia, Belize, Honduras, Mexico, Guatemala, Venezuela, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama
ALSO KNOWN AS

Other names.

en Quick-stick en Nicaraguan cocoashade en Nicaraguan cocoa shade tree en Mexican lilac
FREQUENTLY ASKED

Reader questions.

What's the most effective way to water my plant?

To ensure excellent root development, place a garden hose at the base of your plant instead of spraying the leaves directly. If your plants are outdoors and exposed to direct sunlight, be aware that the leaves will require more watering. You can use bubblers or soaker hoses to moisten the roots, and when adding or removing plants, use soaker hoses that cover the entire garden or bed to ensure the roots are well watered. Make sure to drain any excess water and allow the soil to dry before watering again. Watering at ground level is preferable to prevent diseases. On a sunny day, consider spraying the entire bush with water. Additionally, whether your plant is in a pot or in the ground, remember that deep watering is better than light sprinkling for Grow stick.

Why do I have to put plant food on my Grow stick?

Fertilization is crucial for the overall health and well-being of a Grow stick. When provided with the right amount of energy and nutrients, the Grow stick will have healthy foliage, sturdy stems, and branches. Nevertheless, the flowers of the Grow stick hold great value for gardeners. Thankfully, fertilization also plays a role in producing large, vibrant, and long-lasting flowers. This is because the right fertilizer helps the Grow stick efficiently transfer fuel from its roots to its flowers through its stems. Additionally, proper fertilization maintains the plant's good overall health, enhancing its ability to resist diseases.

What are the sunlight requirements for a Grow stick?

Grow stick (Gliricidia sepium) thrives best when exposed to full sun, which means above 6 hours of sunlight per day. It's essential to choose planting locations that provide a balance of light and shade to ensure the plant's health. Insufficient light can stunt growth, while too much direct sunlight may cause sunburn. Observing how sunlight moves through your garden helps in selecting the perfect spots for your Grow stick, promoting a healthier and more robust growth.

What is the ideal temperature range for a Grow stick?

The Grow stick, or Gliricidia sepium, thrives in moderate to warm climates, preferring temperatures between 68 to 100°F (20 to 38°C). It's a heat-loving plant that can be harmed by cold temperatures. During cooler seasons or when the temperature drops, it's necessary to make adjustments to keep it in a near-optimal condition. For instance, moving it indoors during autumn to a spot near a bright window, away from heaters, can help maintain an ideal temperature above 20°C. Keeping the plant warm, especially above 5°C during winter, is crucial for its growth.

What should I do if I give Grow stick too much or too little water?

If you overwater your Grow stick, its leaves may turn yellow, drop off, and wilt. The plant will look dull and unhealthy, with mushy stems. Adjust your watering schedule when you see these signs. Wilting can also be a sign of underwatering. Underwatered leaves will become crispy and dry, while overwatered leaves will be soft and wilted. Check the soil and water it fully if it's dry. The Grow stick will recover, but the plant may still have dry and yellow leaves due to root damage. Once it returns to normal, the yellowing will stop. When you have the Grow stick indoors, check the moisture levels in the pot. Avoid overwatering and look for black spots. If present, let the soil dry by not watering it for a few days. Overwatering can cause root rot, so consider transferring the plant to a different pot if you see discolored and slimy roots. Always prevent root rot by not letting the soil become too soggy. When planting your Grow stick outdoors, dig deeper and check if the soil is too dry. Adequate watering is necessary for the plant's recovery.

When should I fertilize my Grow stick for best results?

The best time to fertilize a Grow stick is in early spring, when your plant is coming out of dormancy and getting ready to bloom. Feeding it at this time will provide the energy it needs for growth and flower development. However, fertilizing isn't limited to just this time. Giving your Grow stick an additional feeding in the fall can also benefit the plant, though it doesn't have to be as large as the spring feeding. Some gardeners choose to fertilize their Grow stick while planting it, but this step isn't always necessary.

How can artificial lighting be used for indoor Grow sticks?

In scenarios where natural sunlight is insufficient, especially during winter or in less sunny spaces, artificial lighting provides a crucial alternative for Grow sticks. For optimal growth, indoor plants can benefit greatly from artificial lights, such as LEDs, that are tailored to supply specific wavelengths needed by plants. Full sun plants require 30-50W/sq ft, partial sun plants 20-30W/sq ft, and full shade plants need 10-20W/sq ft of artificial light. Placing the light source 12-36 inches above the plant simulates natural sunlight conditions, and mimicking the length of natural daylight hours, usually 8-12 hours per day, promotes faster, healthier growth.

How does low temperature affect the Grow stick and what are the solutions?

Grow stick is sensitive to low temperatures and thrives best when kept above 20°C, requiring temperatures to be kept above 5°C during the winter months. Exposure to temperatures below 1°C can lead to a lightening of the leaves' color, which after frost damage may turn brown or black. This is often accompanied by wilting and drooping symptoms. To combat frost damage, the affected parts should be trimmed off and the plant should be moved indoors to a warmer spot, preferably near a south-facing window for ample sunlight. It’s also important to avoid placing the plant near heaters or air conditioning vents to prevent air dryness, which can further stress the plant.

How often should I water my Grow stick? -> How often do I need to give water to my Grow stick?

The Grow stick prefers deep and infrequent watering. If it's planted in pots, make sure to give them a gallon of water each time. Potted plants have limited water storage, so the soil will dry out faster. In colder regions, water is needed every 3 to 5 days. Water it in the morning when the soil is dry, whether it's outdoors or indoors. To determine if watering is needed, check the soil inside. If the top 2-3 inches of soil are dry, it's time to water the plant thoroughly. On hot days, check the moisture daily as the heat can quickly dry out the soil in the pot. If you have a garden, you'll also need to irrigate the soil. In hot climates, watering once a week is sufficient. Only water when you notice that about 2 to 3 inches of soil have become too dry, indoors or outdoors. Take into account the amount of rainfall and avoid overwatering to prevent root rot. If there's a lot of rain, additional watering may not be necessary. Grow stick typically grows in spring and fall. When planted outdoors, add mulch about 3 to 4 inches deep to conserve water. Sandy soil requires more frequent watering as it drains faster. On the other hand, clay soil requires less frequent watering, about every 2-3 days, to avoid root rot. Keep track of the watering schedule by marking the date on the calendar and pay attention to drooping leaves as they can be an indicator that watering is needed soon.

When should I not put fertilizer on my Grow stick?

During the winter, you do not need to fertilize your Grow stick as it goes into a dormant phase and does not require much energy from the soil for new growth. Fertilizing during this time increases the risk of overfertilization. The best times to feed your Grow stick are early spring and fall. Therefore, it generally does not need fertilizer during most of the spring and summer. It's also advisable to avoid feeding if the plant is exposed to excessively hot or dry conditions.

What symptoms indicate light deficiency in Grow sticks?

Signs of light deficiency in Grow sticks include smaller new leaves, leggy or sparse growth due to longer spaces between leaves or stems, faster leaf drop, slower or ceased new growth, lighter-colored new leaves, and symptoms like chlorosis or yellowing of leaves. These indicate the plant is not receiving adequate sunlight, affecting its ability to grow healthily and maintain lush, green foliage. Other symptoms caused by excessive sunlight include sunscald, leaf curling, wilting, and leaf scorching.

What should be done if the Grow stick experiences high temperatures?

During summer, it's crucial to ensure that the Grow stick doesn't stay in environments above 38°C. Temperatures exceeding 43°C can cause the leaves to lighten and increase susceptibility to sunburn. To address this, trim away the sunburned and dried parts of the plant, and relocate it to an area protected from the midday and afternoon sun. Watering the plant in the morning and the evening will help keep the soil moist and cool, aiding in the prevention of further heat stress.

PLATES
Gliricidia sepium leaf
PLATE 01 · leaf
Gliricidia sepium leaf
PLATE 02 · leaf
Gliricidia sepium flower
PLATE 03 · flower
Gliricidia sepium flower
PLATE 04 · flower
Gliricidia sepium fruit
PLATE 05 · fruit
Gliricidia sepium fruit
PLATE 06 · fruit