Achyranthes bidentata — a medium houseplant, prefers full sun light
SPECIMEN · FROM THE LIBRARY
Achyranthes bidentata

Achyranthes Bidentata

Updated · 28 observations
ON THIS PLANT

Achyranthes bidentata Blume (English common name: ox knee, Chinese: 牛膝 niu xi) is a species of flowering plant in the amaranth family, Amaranthaceae. It occurs in India, Nepal, China, and Japan. It is the source of the Chinese herbal medicine huái niú xī. In Nepal its root juice is used for toothache. Its seeds have been used as a substitute for cereal grains in famine years. The plant is used externally in the treatment of leech bites in Mizoram, India and a decoction as a diuretic.

A note from PlantMom

Ox knee is fairly resistant to disease and is usually not prone to illnesses. However, it can be vulnerable to pests and diseases found in its surroundings. These problems are typically not serious. In terms of care, the plant requires a moderate amount of maintenance. It should be pruned regularly to keep a neat appearance and support healthy growth. Fertilizing can also encourage it to flower. Ox knee is suitable for anyone with an outdoor area, such as a garden or patio, and does not need much experience to care for. It may demand more attention when cultivated indoors.

— PlantMom
CARE GUIDE

How to keep Achyranthes Bidentata.

Light

Ox knee strongly favors plentiful sunlight, which encourages healthy, vigorous growth. Its native habitat was one of abundant sun, although it can also tolerate some shade. Excessive sunlight, however, may damage the plant, while insufficient light can cause growth to slow.

Water

The ox knee plant thrives in moist environments and requires weekly watering to stay hydrated. Although it is adapted to withstand drought, it also needs humidity to flourish. Its strong root system efficiently uses soil moisture, which reduces its dependence on rainfall. This makes the ox knee plant an excellent choice for outdoor growth.

Temperature

Ox knee is native to temperate regions and prefers a moderate climate, with temperatures from 59 to 95 °F (15 to 35 ℃). Adjustments should be made based on its temperature needs in each season.

Fertilizer

Usually one fertilizer application in spring is enough for Ox knee, though multiple feedings can maximize growth. Feed every one to one and a half months. Fertilizing improves the leaves' appearance and function, supporting even color and a healthy texture. It also promotes root development and nutrient uptake for long-term plant health.

Pruning

Ox knee benefits from spring pruning, which involves removing dead branches and thinning the canopy to improve air circulation and light penetration. This process encourages healthy growth and helps maintain the plant's shape. To allow the plant to recover and flourish, avoid heavy pruning outside of the early growth period.

CHARACTERISTICS

Botanical profile.

Plant Type
Herb
Life Cycle
Perennial
Genus
Achyranthes
Family
Amaranthaceae
Hardiness Zone
7-10
Mature Height
91 cm
Mature Spread
40 cm
Leaf Color
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Type
Deciduous
Flower Color
Green
Flower Size
15.24 cm to 20.32 cm
Bloom Time
Mid summer, Late summer, Early fall
Planting Time
Spring, Summer, Autumn
Harvest Time
Fall
Native Area
Nepal, Sri Lanka, India, Angola, Philippines, Zambia, Madagascar, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Laos, China, Indonesia, Cambodia, Cameroon, Vietnam, Myanmar, Japan, Koppen, Bhutan, South Korea, Thailand
ALSO KNOWN AS

Other names.

en Nui Xi en Ox Knee en Ruderal chaff flower en Pig's knee
FREQUENTLY ASKED

Reader questions.

How should I water my Ox knee plant in the best way?

When watering the Ox knee plant, it is important to use filtered water at room temperature. Tap water may contain harmful particles, so filtered water is preferable. The water should be at room temperature or slightly warmer because the Ox knee plant is used to warm environments and cold water could be a shock to its system. Additionally, it is best to avoid watering the plant from above as this can cause issues with the foliage. Instead, it is recommended to apply the filtered room temperature water directly to the soil until it is completely soaked. This helps to moisten the roots and enables them to spread through the soil and gather the necessary nutrients.

What kind of sunlight does Ox knee require?

Ox knee is a plant that requires full sun every day, with a minimum of six hours of sunlight to maintain healthy leaves, roots, and blooms. While most perennials also need six hours of sunlight daily, certain flowering plants like the Orange Daylily or Giant Coreopsis can survive on as little as three hours of direct sunlight. However, it's important to note that these plants will not thrive as well as they would in sunnier conditions.

What temperature is best for cooking Ox knee?

The best temperature for Ox knee depends on the time of year. There are two primary seasons to consider: the growing season and the dormancy season. During the growing season, it is recommended to keep the temperature between 65~80℉(18~27℃) for Ox knee to thrive. If the temperature drops below 15℉(-10℃), the plant may suffer and its leaves may brown and wilt. However, if it is a brief cold snap, Ox knee might survive with some assistance. On the other hand, during the warmer parts of the year, it is important to protect Ox knee from temperatures that are too high. The plant's top temperature range is 95-105℉ (35-40℃). Anything above that can damage the foliage and blooms, causing wilting, drooping, and even sunburn on the leaves. Recovering from such damage can be difficult for Ox knee. Fortunately, there are simple and effective ways to tackle this issue.

What should I do if I give my Ox knee too much or too little water?

Both overwatering and underwatering can harm the health of your Ox knee. However, overwatering is a more common issue. When the Ox knee gets too much water, its stems and leaves may wilt and turn yellow. Overwatering can also cause diseases like root rot, mold, and mildew, which can be fatal for your plant. Underwatering is less common for the Ox knee, as it can tolerate drought to some extent. But it can still happen, resulting in brittle and brown leaves. It's important to recognize the signs of overwatering early on. Some diseases caused by overwatering, like root rot, are not reversible if left untreated for too long. If you notice early signs of overwatering, reduce your watering immediately. Assess the soil quality of your Ox knee's pot. If it drains poorly, replace it with a loose, well-draining potting mix. If you see signs of underwatering, simply water more regularly until the signs go away.

Can the sun harm Ox knee? How can Ox knee be shielded from the sun and heat damage?

In warm climates, some Perennial Flowering Plants may struggle with excessive heat and suffer from sun damage. They can wilt, dry out, or even experience growth problems if they are consistently exposed to the intense afternoon sun. However, not all plants require protection from the light afternoon sun. For those that are harmed by intense afternoon exposure, it is recommended to provide them with some shade in warmer climates. Gardeners can achieve this by planting these plants in areas that do not receive direct heat during the afternoon, such as under trees or behind bushes.

The first year or seedling Ox knee has specific temperature needs.

If this is the first year you have an Ox knee plant outside, it may need extra care during the coldest months. Frost can be very damaging to a first-year Ox knee and may prevent it from growing back in the spring. To prevent this, you need to make sure the plant is kept at a temperature of 40℉(5℃) or above. This can be achieved by either bringing the Ox knee inside for a month or two or by using mulch or fabric barriers for protection from frost damage. In the first year or two, it's recommended to plant the Ox knee in a shadier area. Smaller and weaker plants struggle to regulate their temperature in hot weather. Therefore, it's best to limit the plant's exposure to direct sunlight to no more than five hours per day, especially if the temperature goes above 80℉(27℃). To control the heat during summer, shadecloth and regular watering or misting are important.

How frequently should I give water to my Ox knee?

If your Ox knee plant is in a pot, the most precise way to decide if it needs water is to check the soil moisture by plunging your finger into it. If the top two to three inches of soil are dry, it's time to water. If you are growing your Ox knee outdoors in the ground, you can use a similar method. When the top few inches of soil have dried out, it's time to water. Typically, during the spring and early fall, you'll need to water this plant about once a week. In extremely hot weather, you may need to water it twice or more per week. However, it's worth noting that mature and well-established Ox knee plants can tolerate drought well.

Should I make sure that Ox knee does not get exposed to the sun?

Certain perennial plants require ample sunlight to reach their maximum bloom. However, in warmer climates, some of these plants actually benefit from less sun. For instance, individuals residing in hotter regions might find it beneficial to shade their flowering perennials during the intense afternoon sun, especially during summer months. Although many perennial flowering plants prefer partial shade in the hottest climates, there are exceptions. Take the Giant Coreopsis, for example, as it is not bothered by excessive sun exposure. These plants can flourish even when placed in the full sun during scorching weather.

How can I keep Ox knee safe from very hot or very cold temperatures?

To protect Ox knee from cold temperatures during the growing season, there are a few options you can consider. If you're growing it in a container, simply move the container indoors until temperatures rise above a certain threshold. For Ox knee planted in the ground, using mulch or horticultural fabric to create a protective barrier can help prevent frosts and cold winds. On the other hand, when temperatures go higher than 80℉ in the shade, it's important to limit the amount of sunlight Ox knee receives. Exposing it to less than six hours of sunlight per day, preferably in the morning, is recommended. Installing shade cloth or a fine plastic mesh can help reduce direct sunlight during the hottest times. Additionally, a misting system can be installed to release cooling mist around the base of the plant, lowering ground temperatures during the day.

How much water does my Ox's knee require?

When watering your Ox knee plant, it's important to be generous with the amount of water you give. Before watering, make sure the top two to three inches of soil are dry. Give the plant a thorough watering, making sure the soil is completely soaked. You'll know you've added enough water when you see excess water draining from the pot's drainage holes. If you don't see any excess water, it means you haven't watered enough. However, be cautious not to let water accumulate in the soil, as this can harm the plant. If you notice that water is not draining properly through the pot, it could indicate a problem with the soil's drainage, which should be addressed to ensure the plant's health. If the plant is outdoors, it's generally sufficient to receive around 1 inch of rain per week.

What will happen if the Ox knee doesn't get enough sunlight?

If your Ox knee plants aren't getting enough sunlight, there are some signs to watch out for. One main indicator is a reduced number of blooms compared to plants that receive full sun exposure. Some plants may also develop dry spots on their leaves, but they can still produce blooms, although smaller and less full.

What temperature should Ox knee be kept at during the dormant season?

Ox knee needs a certain amount of cold during the winter to remain dormant until it's time to sprout. Sprouting too early, before the last frost, can be harmful to Ox knee, especially if it has already started growing before the frost comes. Ideally, winter temperatures should stay below 32℉ (0℃), but if they reach 40℉ (5℃), it's not a problem. In more temperate climates like woodland rainforests, an unexpected warm period in winter can cause Ox knee to sprout prematurely. If there is still a risk of frost in this situation, you can cover the sprout with clear plastic on stakes to protect it from the cold. The cover can be removed once the frost danger has passed. Sometimes, Ox knee will naturally sprout at the right time without any assistance, but using this covering method increases the chances of successful second sprouting.

PLATES
Achyranthes bidentata leaf
PLATE 01 · leaf
Achyranthes bidentata leaf
PLATE 02 · leaf
Achyranthes bidentata flower
PLATE 03 · flower
Achyranthes bidentata flower
PLATE 04 · flower
Achyranthes bidentata fruit
PLATE 05 · fruit
Achyranthes bidentata bark
PLATE 06 · bark
ALSO IN THE LIBRARY

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